Roscosmos: the second launch of the Russian Soyuz-5 rocket will be in 2027

Russian space activities are mainly focused on launching satellites for the Ministry of Defense to send various types of spy satellites (whose specifications are classified) into orbit, as well as maintaining operations of the International Space Station. In recent weeks, the suborbital launch of the new Russian Soyuz-5 rocket took place after several delays. According to reports, the test was successful in terms of the ignition of both the first and second stages, as well as the release of payloads (mass simulators).

Roscosmos may rely on this solution to replace the older Soyuz 2 rockets, which, while reliable, do not allow for cost reduction. The Soyuz-5 will also have to compete with Angara, another Russian rocket that is gradually entering service in various versions. According to Dmitry Baranov (deputy director of Roscosmos), the second launch of the Soyuz-5 rocket is now expected in the second half of 2027, although there could be further delays, which seem to be a chronic problem for many companies, including those in the Russian aerospace sector. The third launch, on the other hand, could happen in 2028. The initial launch cadence will therefore be quite low, and this does not account for potential delays. The senior executive also added that these launches will all be test flights while the first operational missions will follow the third launch (if everything goes as planned).

In general, the Russian aerospace program is seeking payloads from international customers, but due to sanctions following the invasion of Ukraine, opportunities to launch satellites or other third-party payloads have significantly decreased. Funding related to scientific research has also declined (delaying some missions), while the Ministry of Defense still seems capable of providing satellites for various operations. Resumption of activities could occur when the war ends or with the start of operations of the ROS (Russian Orbital Station). Even in the case of ROS, lack of funding could be an issue, but Roscosmos is reportedly determined to launch the first modules before the ISS is decommissioned between 2030 and 2032.